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Varicose veins of the lower legs: symptoms, pictures and treatment of deep veins

Deep varicose veins are very unpleasant and quite dangerous wounds for the venous vessels of the circulatory system.

Varicose veins of the lower deep veins of the legs is a pathology that extends to the vessels that pass through the muscular structure of the legs.Elongating and expanding venous vessels significantly impairs blood flow and causes the occurrence and development of thrombosis.

The danger of this disease lies in the high probability of blood clots formed in the walls of vessels that break and are transported to the pulmonary artery.

When this disease occurs, an irreversible process and expansion of venous vessels occurs.As the process progresses, thinning of the vein wall is observed and nodes are formed that prevent the free transport of blood through the vessels.

Usually, people aged 30-40 years and above are exposed to this disease.

The cause of the development of varicose veins from deep veins in the lower part of the legs

The cause of the appearance and development of this disease can be various unfavorable factors.Varicose veins are the result of serious disturbances in the blood circulation process in certain areas of the lower part.

As the disease progresses, patients can develop trophic ulcers at the site where the blood circulation process is interrupted, which can trigger the occurrence of gangrene, a condition that requires amputation of the affected part of the limb.

In addition, varicose veins can cause deformation of the muscles of the lower legs, and the formation of blood clots with possible subsequent separation and transport to the pulmonary artery can cause death.

The main factors that contribute to the onset of the disorder and its development are the following:

  • the presence of genetic predisposition determined by congenital pathology and weakness of the cells of the walls of the venous vessels;
  • Gender - Women get sicker than men, which is associated with the occurrence of hormonal changes during pregnancy, the onset of menopause and in the case of the use of hormonal and contraceptive drugs;
  • The presence of increased venous pressure in the patient, as a result of decreased mobility and increased level of static load when the body is in an upright position for a long time and with excessive body weight;

In addition, the cause of the disease may be:

  1. The load increases regularly on the limbs.
  2. Serious disturbances in the function of the immune system.
  3. Constant compression of the blood vessels in the feet when wearing tight shoes.
  4. Overweight or obese.
  5. The development of various forms of dermatitis.
  6. As a result of surgical intervention.
  7. Exposing the lower limbs to increase the static load.
  8. Alcohol abuse and smoking.

In addition, cellulite can cause the development of pathology.

A visit to a qualified phlebolist at the first suspicion of the disease allows you to identify the disease in time.

The main signs of deep varicose veins

varicose veins from the deep veins of the lower legs

Often, in the early stages of development, this disease is indicated by the appearance of a slight feeling of fatigue in the legs after a prolonged static load is placed on them or when walking.In addition, during this period, slight swelling of the leg tissue appears.

Often, the symptoms of this disorder appear at the end of the day and gradually disappear with long-term rest.When these signs appear, it is necessary to consult a phlebologist and conduct special studies to identify and explain the presence of pathology.

The use of laboratory and instrumental diagnostic methods allows us to identify the stage of disease development and make decisions about the use of timely and adequate treatment for this disease.With the further development of the disease, it passes through a more advanced stage, characterized by the appearance of various symptoms and signs characteristic of a progressive disease.

The advanced stage of the pathology is characterized by the appearance of the following symptoms:

  • the occurrence of severe pain in the legs in the evening and at night;
  • the appearance of persistent swelling of soft tissue and heaviness in the lower part of the leg;
  • The presence of permanent swelling of soft tissue leads to an increase in the size of the limb;
  • The patient experiences frequent cramps in the calf area, often such a phenomenon occurs at night;
  • The skin in the affected area acquires a bluish color on the legs;
  • There is the appearance of pathologically affected venous venous protrusions in the legs, thighs and feet when causing physical stress on the legs.

The progression of this disease leads to the appearance of small wounds that cannot heal for a long time and then turn into trophic ulcers.

In the absence of adequate and timely treatment, the development of the disease for the patient can be fatal.The progression of varicose veins leads to a gradual deformation of the muscle structure and the appearance of negative changes in the skin and bone mass.

With prolonged development, patients develop signs of eczema and develop trophic ulcers that can develop into gangrene.Which leads to sepsis or death.

In venous vessels affected by varicose veins, the process of thrombus formation develops.As a result of this process, the blood clots that form can be broken up and transported through the circulatory system.

When a blood clot enters the pulmonary artery, it becomes blocked and the person dies.

Basic diagnostic methods

Diagnostic options for varicose veins from the legs

An experienced phlebologist can determine the presence of varicose veins in the deep veins of the lower legs by characteristic symptoms, clearly visible even in photos of the legs, but the method of treating the disease is selected individually after a detailed examination of the patient and taking into account all the individual characteristics of his body.

To identify the presence and level of disease development, laboratory and instrumental diagnostic methods are used.Laboratory methods include general blood and urine tests.

The most common instrumental diagnostic method is the use of ultrasound examination of leg venous vessels.This technique allows you to visualize the vascular system and identify the degree of progress of the pathological process.

In addition, if necessary, the attending physician prescribes:

  1. Phlebo.
  2. Photoplethysmography.

The use of venous occlusion plethysmography makes it possible to determine the amount of blood in the lower leg veins.

Only after a comprehensive examination and results are obtained, the patient is prescribed the appropriate treatment.

Modern medicine offers several options for treating diseases - drugs, non-medicine and surgery.

Along with this, after consulting your doctor, you can use alternative and traditional treatment methods at home.

Deep vein treatment of varicose veins

The most reliable way to treat this disease is surgery.The use of drug therapy in the form of tablets, special ointments and gels for external use can play a complementary role and, in fact, support therapy.

The use of drug therapy involves the use of several types of drugs in the treatment process - anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, venotonic and fibrinolytic actions

Anticoagulants thin the blood and prevent the formation of blood clots.Anti-inflammatory drugs help relieve the inflammatory process in the walls of venous vessels.Venotonics help increase the tone of the vein walls, and fibrinolytics help dissolve small clots and help clean the venous bed.

Thanks to the use of medicines, manifestations of the disease such as swelling most often disappear;In addition, an improvement in the condition of the superficial skin is observed.The main condition for the use of medicines is strict adherence to the doctor's recommendations and the dosage of the medicine taken.

To cure varicose veins completely, surgical intervention is recommended.

In addition, surgical methods are used in the absence of positive dynamics during drug therapy.

The most common surgical treatment methods are:

  • Sclerotherapy;
  • phlebectomy;
  • laser freezing.

Sclerotherapy involves the use of special substances during the procedure - sclerosants, introduced into the lumen of the affected vein and which lead to adhesion of the vessel wall.This procedure allows you to remove the venous vessels from the circulatory system, which prevents the development of pathology.This technique is used very rarely when it comes to detecting severe forms of interference.

Phlebectomy involves removing the affected area of the venous vessel.Most often, this method is used to identify superficial vein lesions, but in some cases it can be used in the treatment of deep venous vessels in the legs.

Laser freezing is a type of surgical intervention that is minimally invasive and is performed using a laser;It allows you to remove the affected area of the vein from the circulatory system by sticking its walls under the influence of laser radiation.This treatment method has received the most positive feedback from patients due to the fact that it is almost painless and does not require a long recovery period.

The use of surgical treatment methods allows you to get rid of the characteristic symptoms of deep varicose veins.The choice of surgical technique depends on the level of development of the pathology, the individual characteristics of the patient and is carried out by the attending physician.